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Comprehensive Testing for Bioburden, Endotoxins and Process Cleanliness

Supporting product safety and reliability through ISO-based microbiological testing.

Hohenstein supports manufacturers in maintaining microbiological cleanliness for medical devices and their production environments. We verify compliance with ISO 11737, ISO 11607 and AAMI ST72 through testing that confirms the effectiveness of cleaning, sterilization and packaging processes. Our accredited methods provide verified data for product safety, process validation and regulatory submissions across global markets.

Bioburden

Bioburden Testing (ISO 11737-1)

Bioburden testing quantifies the total viable microorganisms on a device before sterilization. Results establish the initial microbial load used to validate sterilization processes and monitor routine production control.

Hohenstein determines bioburden through standardized extraction and incubation methods following ISO 11737-1.

Endotoxins

Endotoxin Testing (LAL Test, AAMI ST72, ISO 11737-3)

The bacterial endotoxin test (BET) or LAL test detects fever-inducing endotoxins from Gram-negative bacteria. It is critical for devices that contact blood or the cardiovascular system.

Testing is performed in line with AAMI ST72, ISO 11737-3 and Ph. Eur. 2.6.14 to demonstrate compliance with global pyrogen limits.

Residues & Contaminants

Residue & Contaminant Analysis (TOC, THC, Particulate Contamination)

Surface residue analysis verifies the effectiveness of cleaning and processing steps. Using TOC (total organic carbon) and THC (total hydrocarbon) methods, we identify organic residues from lubricants, oils or cleaning agents.

We also perform particulate contamination testing to detect and quantify residual physical particles or fibers that may remain on device surfaces after processing.

These combined analyses provide a complete picture of surface cleanliness and help confirm that devices meet defined acceptance criteria.

Cleaning & Sterilization

Cleaning & Sterilization Validation (ISO 17664)

Safe use and reuse of medical devices depend on validated cleaning, disinfection and sterilization procedures. Hohenstein supports manufacturers in verifying that these processes consistently achieve the required level of cleanliness and microbiological safety.

Our testing and documentation align with ISO 17664, DIN/TS 5343 and ISO 14971, ensuring global regulatory compliance while supporting FDA submissions.

Validation & Process Review
We review the manufacturer’s Instructions for Use (IFU) and perform cleaning validation according to ISO 17664-1 for critical and semi-critical devices or ISO 17664-2 for non-critical devices. Each validation includes:

  • Assessment of the manufacturer’s processing instructions
  • Risk analysis according to ISO 14971
  • Definition of acceptance criteria for cleanliness
  • Selection and validation of suitable test procedures

Verification Testing
After processing, all acceptance criteria must be met. Hohenstein performs targeted analyses to confirm effectiveness, including:

  • Bioburden testing (ISO 11737-1)
  • Endotoxin testing (LAL) (AAMI ST72, ISO 11737-3)
  • Residue analysis (TOC, THC)
  • Protein detection (BCA method)
  • Particulate measurement
  • Cytotoxicity testing (ISO 10993-5)
  • Material change evaluation (chemical characterization per ISO 10993-18)

Reusable Device Reprocessing & End-of-Life Simulation
We evaluate reprocessing procedures (the cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of reusable medical devices) to verify that they maintain safety and performance over time. We simulate repeated reprocessing cycles using standardized or customer-specific methods, such as thermal, chemothermal or chemical disinfection followed by steam sterilization.

These simulations assess device cleanliness, functionality and biocompatibility throughout the validated service life to ensure continued compliance and patient safety.

Residue Detection & Surface Cleanliness
Residue testing confirms that cleaning agents and process aids are effectively removed.

  • TOC (Total Organic Carbon) quantifies water-soluble organic residues
  • THC (Total Hydrocarbon) measures water-insoluble contaminants containing hydrocarbons

These analyses verify that surfaces meet cleanliness specifications and that no residues remain that could compromise safety or device function.

Packaging Microbial Barrier

Packaging Microbial Barrier Testing (ISO 11607-1, ASTM F1608)

Sterile barrier systems must prevent microbial penetration throughout storage and handling.

Hohenstein tests porous packaging materials using ASTM F1608 to demonstrate microbial barrier performance as defined in ISO 11607-1.

Monitoring

Environmental & Hygiene Monitoring

Monitoring microbiological quality in production areas helps ensure consistent hygiene control and product safety. Hohenstein supports manufacturers with testing that complements routine hygiene monitoring in controlled manufacturing environments such as cleanrooms or preparation areas.

We evaluate the microbiological quality of air, surfaces and water to confirm that environmental controls remain within defined limits. These analyses support compliance with internal hygiene programs and applicable quality management standards.

Why Hohenstein Medical?

  • ISO 17025-accredited laboratory for microbiology and chemical analysis
  • GLP-compliant methods supporting FDA and MDR submissions
  • Integrated testing for reprocessing validation, cleanliness and biocompatibility
  • Expert evaluation of IFUs and validation documentation
Contact
Ben Mead
Managing Director
Hohenstein Americas